GEG7120 - Geographical Thought and Practice 2023/24
Topic outline
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WELCOME TO GEG7120
We are really looking forward to teaching and learning with you over this academic year. In this page you will find all the module information as well as description and readings for each week. Please let us know if you have any questions.
Module convenor
Semester A & B: Prof. Kathryn Yusoff | k.yusoff@qmul.ac.uk|
When, where?
Semester A: Monday, 1-3pm, Bancroft 1.026 or Tuesday, 1-2pm for weeks 8 and 12.
Semester B: Monday 12-2pm, Geog 225.
Module Outline
Thinking about the world (Social Theory)
- Introduction
Kathryn Yusoff
- Situated knowledges: where does knowledge come from and who makes it
Kathryn Yusoff
- Knowledge and disciplines: how different disciplines (inc geography) address the world
Kathryn Yusoff
- Critical frameworks 1: e.g. Marxism
Sam Halverson
- Decolonizing Knowledge
plus dissertation support 1-2pm Tuesday 24 Oct - Catherine Nash
Archie Davies
- Critical frameworks 2 e.g. Feminism, Postcolonialism
James Esson
- READING WEEK
Engaging with the world (Emprics & Epistemologies)
- Devising a dissertation project: scale, academic framing and research questions
Catherine Nash
- Spatial politics of research and why methods matter
Sam Halverson
- Putting theory and practice together
James Esson
- Research impact
Alison Blunt
- week 11 Developing your dissertation project; support with assessment.
Catherine Nash
Semester B
- Introduction: methodology and methods in research
New SL Critical Geog
- Designing a research project and proposing a research programme (including literature review)
Stephen Taylor
- Interviewing
Elsa Noterman
- Surveys / digital methods
Philippa Williams
- Working with data
Elizabeth Storer
- GIS
Konstantino M
- READING WEEK
- Action Research/Collaborative research
James Esson
- Researching with Archives
Miles Ogborn
- Visual methods
Ed Legion and Kathryn Yusoff
- Policy analysis
New SL Critical Geog
- Writing a research proposal and preparing the risk assessment
New SL Critical Geog
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This module aims to give you knowledge on
- Key concepts and approaches within human geography
- The contested and political nature of geographical thought, both in the past and present
- Current controversies within the discipline of geography
- The
contributions of different epistemologies to social scientific research
theory and practice, and the place of geography within that context
- Developing a research strategy which is appropriate to the nature of the student's research questions
- A range of qualitative and quantitative methods and their strengths and weaknesses
...And the following skills:
- Critically synthesise complex bodies of literature
- Develop the ability to work with a range of theoretical frameworks
- Evaluate the relative strengths and weaknesses of competing conceptions
- Conduct
research through the interrogation of contemporary and historical
sources, deploying a range of quantitative and qualitative techniques of
data collection and analysis
- Design a piece of research appropriate at master's level
- Enhance a range of transferable skills notably critical reading, oral and written communication
- Initiate and lead group discussions
- Acquire participatory and group working skills
- Write reports and items of coursework to potentially publishable standard
- Work collaboratively with team members
- Produce and deliver multi-media presentations
- Undertake to piece of research using appropriate research techniques
- Key concepts and approaches within human geography
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Your assignments will be graded in line with the School of Geography's marking and assessment criteria (see the Masters Information Zone). You will be provided with detailed instructions on what is expected from each coursework element in class and via QMplus.
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Assessment 1: Essay, 2500 words, 50% of final mark
Deadline for submission: 12/12/23
This assessment is designed to: (a) evaluate your understanding of the different theoretical traditions and ideas explored in weeks 1-5; and (b) assess your ability to apply a critical geographical understanding to your own research interests.Q: Discuss how an issue related to your own research might be framed as a problem of geographical knowledge.
Draw upon the work undertaken to provide you with some of the references you will need. Focus in depth on what one particular approach or methodology offers (or perhaps even fails to offer) the process of intellectual inquiry in your chosen areas. The purpose of the essay is twofold:1. To encourage you to think of intellectual problems through a specifically geographical lens (as a problem of space, place, scale, context, method, and so on).
2. To sharpen your appreciation of the ways that the choice of guiding assumptions or theoretical framework (whether implicitly or explicitly) shapes the manner in which you actually go about creating new knowledge and understanding. Every approach has its strengths and weaknesses, but how are these shaped by the context in which a piece of research is undertaken?
The assignment has two parts (two assessment points):1) the discussion of a theoretical approach/lens (i.e., black feminism, critical race studies, decolonial approaches, critical development etc.);2) the application of that theoretical approach to a case study (the case study might be related to your dissertation idea but does not have to be).
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The aim of this module is (i) to develop subject-specific research skills related to human geography and (ii) to develop understanding of key concepts and approaches in human geography. In relation to (i), the module will equip first year masters/post-graduate students with the range of knowledge and skills needed to complete a substantive piece of independent social scientific research relating to human geography. In relation to (ii), the module aims to develop an advanced understanding of competing theoretical traditions and epistemologies from across the range of human geographical scholarship.
The expected breakdown of the module is as follows:
Activity Type Time spent (Hours) Seminars 44 Independent study 256
Lecturer office hours are available weekly for one-to-one support. Please check the Advice and Feedback Hours area, here.
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Use this coversheet to attached to all written assignments.19.1 KB
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Opened: Sunday, 17 September 2023, 2:00 PMDue: Tuesday, 12 December 2023, 2:00 PM
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Please find here two anonymised research proposals from previous years marked with distinction and the feedback they received for your reference. Please make sure your research proposals include every item requested in the module handbook.
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This session is divided into two parts. In the first half you will have some time to introduce yourself to the group and discuss the group’s backgrounds and interests in the module. We’ll also go through the module itself in more detail, including its structure, how the sessions work, the assessment, what’s expected of you and what you can expect from the module. In part two we’ll then turn to reflect more generally on the relationship between geography, theory and practice. We will also be addressing the idea of what “research” actually “is”.
Key questions for discussion in today’s lecture, which are in effect the principles issues we will be discussing in this first half of the Semester, are the following:
1) What does it mean to think geographically? How does where we think geography from matter in terms of who gets to be recognized as a maker of geographical knowledge, and who gets to be recognized as a 'subject' of geographical knowledge?
2) How have approaches to geographical research changed over the last 100 years? How is the making of geographical knowledge contested and resisted?
3) How does this reflect the influence of different social, political and intellectual contexts and the long histories of colonialism and empire?
4) What particular philosophies and theories have influenced geography the most? What are the challenges to these theories?
5) What does it mean (for your research) to adopt one kind of theoretical perspective – one way of thinking geographically – over another? Or, how do methods matter?
6) How can geography be decolonized and what is the role of the university in this praxis?
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Please read and comment on this document before the class, specifically, what does deconization mean in the context of teaching and learning geographical theory and practice, and learning geographical methods.
This is a working 'live' document developed by staff and postgraduate students, as a starting point for rethinking how and what geography we teach in the context of making an anti-racism classroom.
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1. Quotation: Pull out a few key quotations from the text or videos that you think are central to the author's implicit or explicit argument.
2. Argument: In five or six sentences, state the author's argument. Be sure to include both what the author is arguing for and arguing against.
3. Question: Say why you think these are important points and how they makes us think differently about geography, space or place. Raises any questions you think are not fully and could be developed.
4. Connection: Connect the argument of this text to broader methodological approaches and other readings from your research.
5. Connection: Connect the argument to a specific example of a contemporary geographical issue in society.
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Professor Linda Tuhiwai Smith shares insights into indigenous knowledge, language revitalization, decolonizing research practices, and how to "make knowledge live.”
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Indigenous peoples and the scientific gaze.
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Dr. Kim TallBear from University of Alberta and Canada Research Chair for Indigenous Peoples, Technoscience and Environment discusses innovate ideas to advance science and technology opportunities and careers for Indigenous communities.
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Lakota historian Nick Estes on how two centuries of indigenous resistance created the movement proclaiming “Water is life.” Estes’s new book is titled Our History Is the Future. He is a co-founder of the indigenous resistance group The Red Nation and a citizen of the Lower Brule Sioux Tribe.
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This is a timeline that might be used to represent the development of key geographical thinkers and the shape of the discipline over the last 100 years. What do you notice about this timeline? Who does it represent? What geographies are missing from this understanding of geographical history? What is the identity of the geographers represented?
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This week we will be looking at some of the different ways that geographers approach space and place. With its focus on the environment and landscape geography has always been considered the discipline of 'space' in the same way that history is considered the discipline of time. Traditional geography has written about space in relation to materiality, through recording, measuring and mapping. The shift to exploring more abstract and conceptual notions of space as a means to better understand power, social relations and our place in the world, was heavily influenced by thinkers outside of the discipline, especially the work of French theorists such as Foucault, Lefebvre and Deleuze and Guattari.
Below are the lecture, readings, videos and podcasts to read and watch before the session. There are articles from Thrift on Space and Davis on the prison industrial complex, a podcast of Massey (18 mins) a short video of Massey talking about space and time (5 mins) and a video of Ruth Gilmore (16 mins) talking about her work on racial capitalism. There is also a link to some of my work on Bedouin tribal borders (in progress) as an example of how creative research methods (in this case film-making and crafting) can be used to investigate space and place.
The recorded lecture covers some of the 'history' of space in the discipline and discuss how space is connected to power. We will also consider how spatial theories can help us understand how a sense of space differs across the world and also how race is configured differently across space.
Preparation
1. Space can be hard to define. Can you write down six characteristics you associate with space?
2. We use place of origin as one of the descriptors of our identity (our roots). Write one or two sentences describing yourself in terms of your movement through space/place instead (routes)
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The recorded lecture covers some of the 'history' of space in the discipline and how spatial theories can help us understand how a sense of space differs across the world.
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Geographer Doreen Massey wants us to rethink our assumptions about space. In this episode of the Social Science Bites podcast she explains why. Social Science Bites is made in association with SAGE.
Click HERE to download a PDF transcript of this conversation. To directly download this podcast, right click HERE and “Save Link As.”
18 mins
https://www.socialsciencespace.com/2013/02/podcastdoreen-massey-on-space/
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In this short video (approx. 5 mins) Doreen Massey discusses how space takes a stroll through time.
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An Antipode Foundation film
Dir Kenton Card (16 mins)
Creative Commons Licence
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The European Prize for Urban Public Space’ is a biennial prize organised by seven European cultural institutions designed to showcase projects and current thinking around public space.
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A series of 8 films made by Jessica Jacobs in collaboration with Vitor Hugo Costa (Lisbon) and members of different Bedouin communities in the Sinai, Egypt (crafted maps to follow)
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The Decolonial Atlas is an online collection of maps that aim to help challenge our relationships with the land, people, and state. It’s based on the premise that the orientation of a map, its projection, the presence of political borders, which features are included or excluded, and the language used to label a map are all subject to the positionality of the map-maker. Because decolonization is a process of unlearning maps we are given and involves the reconfiguration of space, the decolonial atlas volunteers are especially committed to the use of indigenous language revitalization through toponymy – the use of place names.
Their original content is offered for free through the Decolonial Media License 0.1.
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Khalili, Laleh. 2012. “Introduction” in Time in the Shadows: Confinement in Counterinsurgencies. Stanford University Press, 1 – 10.
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Davis, Angela. 2003. “The Prison Industrial Complex” in Are Prisons Obsolete, New York: Seven Stories Press, 84 – 104.
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Alves, Jaime Amparo. 2001. “From Necropolis to Blackpolis: Necropolitical Governance and Black Spatial Praxis in Sao Paulo, Brazil” Antipode, 46:2, 323- 339.
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This week will provide an introduction and overview of Marxism and explore how and why Marxist thought matters to geography.
Prior to the lecture please can you all (i) watch this short video
In it, David Harvey uses Marxist thought to explain the 2008 financial crisis. As you watch the video ask yourselves: what tools does Marxism provide us to make sense of the world? What might be missing in the sort of explanations provide by the video?
(ii) read a short text written by Marx and his close friend and colleague Engles: The Communist Manifesto, available here:
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf
The lecture will explore some of the key ideas presented in the communist manifesto and give you an opportunity to discuss and debate it in small groups
For those interested, here are some further readings:
For introductions to key ideas and themes in Marxist geography, see:
Blunt, Alison and Wills, Jane 2000, Dissident Geographies: An Introduction to Radical Ideas and Practice.Harlow, Prentice Hall. Chapter 2. GF33 BLU.
Cresswell, Tim 2013, Geographic Thought: A Critical Introduction. Oxford: Wiley- Blackwell. Chapter 7. GF21CRE. Also available from library as electronic resource.
Henderson, George and Shepherd, Eric 2006, Marx and the spirit of Marx. In S. Aitken and G.Valentine, eds., Approaches to Human Geography. London, Sage, pp. 57-74. GF33 APP. Also available from library as electronic resource.
For brief overviews of developments in Marxist geography, see:
Cumbers, Andy 2009, Marxism/Marxist geography I. In Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, eds, InternationalEncyclopedia of Human Geography. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 461-73. Library electronic resource.
McCarthy, James 2009, Marxist geography. In Derek Gregory et al (eds) The Dictionary of HumanGeography, fifth edition, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 446-484. GF33 DIC, includes reference copy not for loan.See also related entries.
Nayak, Anoop and Jeffrey, Alex 2011, Geographical Thought: An Introduction to Ideas in Human Geography.Harlow, Pearson. Chapter 4. GF41 NAY.
(iii) The work of David Harvey since the early 1970s has been central to the development of Marxist geographiesand has also influenced many other disciplines. Gain a sense of the themes and scope of his writings through reading:
Castree, Noel 2010, David Harvey. In P. Hubbard, R. Kitchin and G. Valentine, eds, Key Thinkers onSpace and Place. London, Sage, second edition, pp. 234-41. GF41 KEY, includes copies in short loan. Entry on QMPlus.
(iv) Other useful critical overviews and evaluations of his work are:
Gregory, Derek 2006, Introduction: troubling geographies. In Noel Castree and Derek Gregory, eds, DavidHarvey: A Critical Reader. Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 1-25. G69.H3 DAV. Copy on QMPlus.
Woodward, Keith and Jones, John Paul 2009, Harvey, D. In Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, eds,International Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 24-27. Electronic resource inlibrary.
(v) For Harveyʼs personal reflections on his own work and ideas, see:
Harvey, David 2000, Reinventing geography: an interview. New Left Review 4, 75-97.
Harvey, David 2006, Memories and desires. In S. Aitken and G. Valentine, eds. Approaches to HumanGeography. London, Sage, pp. 184-190. GF33 APP. Also available from library as an electronic source.
(vi) In this lecture we will focus on Harveyʼs arguments about the significance of geography for capitalist development and crisis. Through examples, we will consider in particular the critical perspectives he and other Marxist geographers have developed on uneven spatial development under capitalism. See especially:
Harvey, David 2014, Uneven geographical developments and the production of space. In his Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism. London, Profile Books, pp. 146-163. Copy on QMPlus.
(vii) A lucid essay on the significance of Harvey’s Marxist approach for understanding the economic crisis 2008 is:
Kunkel, Benjamin 2014, David Harvey: crisis theory. In his Utopia or Bust: A Guide to the Present Crisis. London and New York, Verso, pp. 23-50. On QMPlus.
(viii) As a Marxist, Harvey has been committed to developing a revolutionary perspective that seeks the transition to a post-capitalist urban society. See some of the videos and texts from his recent talks on his website: www.davidharvey.org. See also:
Harvey, David 2008, The right to the city. New Left Review 53, 23-40. Available athttp://www.newleftreview.org/?view=2740.
(ix) For a good discussion of wider Marxist perspectives on uneven spatial development developed also by writers such as Neil Smith, Henri Lefebvre, Doreen Massey and Ed Soja, see:
Brenner, Neil 2011, Critical sociospatial theory and the geographies of uneven spatial development. In Andrew Leyshon, Roger Lee, Linda McDowell and Peter Sunley, eds. The Sage Handbook of Economic Geography, London, Sage. HF1025 SAG. Copy on QMPlus.
See also the entry ʻUneven developmentʼ by James McCarthy in Derek Gregory et al, eds, The Dictionaryof Human Geography, Oxford, Blackwell, fifth edition, pp. 780-82. GF33 DIC; and by Neil Smith in the fourthedition of the same book.
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This week will provide an introduction and overview of Marxism and explore how and why Marxist thought matters to geography.
Prior to the lecture please can you all (i) watch this short video
In it, David Harvey uses Marxist thought to explain the 2008 financial crisis. As you watch the video ask yourselves: what tools does Marxism provide us to make sense of the world? What might be missing in the sort of explanations provide by the video?
(ii) read a short text written by Marx and his close friend and colleague Engles: The Communist Manifesto, available here:
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf
When reading this consider: what is the main argument being made? What is its relationship to history and to geography? Is it still relevant today?
The lecture will explore some of the key ideas presented in the communist manifesto and give you an opportunity to discuss and debate it in small groups
For those interested, here are some further readings:
For introductions to key ideas and themes in Marxist geography, see:
Blunt, Alison and Wills, Jane 2000, Dissident Geographies: An Introduction to Radical Ideas and Practice.Harlow, Prentice Hall. Chapter 2. GF33 BLU.
Cresswell, Tim 2013, Geographic Thought: A Critical Introduction. Oxford: Wiley- Blackwell. Chapter 7. GF21CRE. Also available from library as electronic resource.
Henderson, George and Shepherd, Eric 2006, Marx and the spirit of Marx. In S. Aitken and G.Valentine, eds., Approaches to Human Geography. London, Sage, pp. 57-74. GF33 APP. Also available from library as electronic resource.
For brief overviews of developments in Marxist geography, see:
Cumbers, Andy 2009, Marxism/Marxist geography I. In Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, eds, InternationalEncyclopedia of Human Geography. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 461-73. Library electronic resource.
McCarthy, James 2009, Marxist geography. In Derek Gregory et al (eds) The Dictionary of HumanGeography, fifth edition, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 446-484. GF33 DIC, includes reference copy not for loan.See also related entries.
Nayak, Anoop and Jeffrey, Alex 2011, Geographical Thought: An Introduction to Ideas in Human Geography.Harlow, Pearson. Chapter 4. GF41 NAY.
(iii) The work of David Harvey since the early 1970s has been central to the development of Marxist geographiesand has also influenced many other disciplines. Gain a sense of the themes and scope of his writings through reading:
Castree, Noel 2010, David Harvey. In P. Hubbard, R. Kitchin and G. Valentine, eds, Key Thinkers onSpace and Place. London, Sage, second edition, pp. 234-41. GF41 KEY, includes copies in short loan. Entry on QMPlus.
(iv) Other useful critical overviews and evaluations of his work are:
Gregory, Derek 2006, Introduction: troubling geographies. In Noel Castree and Derek Gregory, eds, DavidHarvey: A Critical Reader. Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 1-25. G69.H3 DAV. Copy on QMPlus.
Woodward, Keith and Jones, John Paul 2009, Harvey, D. In Rob Kitchin and Nigel Thrift, eds,International Encyclopedia of Human Geography. Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 24-27. Electronic resource inlibrary.
(v) For Harveyʼs personal reflections on his own work and ideas, see:
Harvey, David 2000, Reinventing geography: an interview. New Left Review 4, 75-97.
Harvey, David 2006, Memories and desires. In S. Aitken and G. Valentine, eds. Approaches to HumanGeography. London, Sage, pp. 184-190. GF33 APP. Also available from library as an electronic source.
(vi) In this lecture we will focus on Harveyʼs arguments about the significance of geography for capitalist development and crisis. Through examples, we will consider in particular the critical perspectives he and other Marxist geographers have developed on uneven spatial development under capitalism. See especially:
Harvey, David 2014, Uneven geographical developments and the production of space. In his Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism. London, Profile Books, pp. 146-163. Copy on QMPlus.
(vii) A lucid essay on the significance of Harvey’s Marxist approach for understanding the economic crisis 2008 is:
Kunkel, Benjamin 2014, David Harvey: crisis theory. In his Utopia or Bust: A Guide to the Present Crisis. London and New York, Verso, pp. 23-50. On QMPlus.
(viii) As a Marxist, Harvey has been committed to developing a revolutionary perspective that seeks the transition to a post-capitalist urban society. See some of the videos and texts from his recent talks on his website: www.davidharvey.org. See also:
Harvey, David 2008, The right to the city. New Left Review 53, 23-40. Available athttp://www.newleftreview.org/?view=2740.
(ix) For a good discussion of wider Marxist perspectives on uneven spatial development developed also by writers such as Neil Smith, Henri Lefebvre, Doreen Massey and Ed Soja, see:
Brenner, Neil 2011, Critical sociospatial theory and the geographies of uneven spatial development. In Andrew Leyshon, Roger Lee, Linda McDowell and Peter Sunley, eds. The Sage Handbook of Economic Geography, London, Sage. HF1025 SAG. Copy on QMPlus.
See also the entry ʻUneven developmentʼ by James McCarthy in Derek Gregory et al, eds, The Dictionaryof Human Geography, Oxford, Blackwell, fifth edition, pp. 780-82. GF33 DIC; and by Neil Smith in the fourthedition of the same book.
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Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o wrote an early, influential text on decolonising the mind
Decolonisation, at one level, is the process of undoing colonial rule. At another level, decolonisation has been imagined as the process of undoing the psychological, as well as the political, dimensions of colonialism. Decolonisation therefore offers a powerful way of framing critiques of power, dominant culture, racism and inequality. Colonialism, however, has not ended, and decolonisation is not a metaphorical, but an ongoing process for many Indigenous and oppressed groups. In the last few years, decolonisation has also become something of a keyword in university life. It has become so in at least three ways: within academic discourse itself, within the administrative structures of universities, and in representations of these two things. But it is a slippery term with at times contradictory meanings, which need to be unpicked. In this session we will look at the manifold scales and meanings of the de/colonial, and consider what it means for how we do geography today.
In the session we will consider the imbrications between decolonisation and geography firstly by looking at the imperial history of geography as a discipline and as a mode of thought; secondly, by thinking about an alternative, anticolonial history in association with 20th century decolonisation and contemporary struggles; and, thirdly, by assessing the distinct currents within contemporary critical geography of the postcolonial, anticolonial and decolonial.
We will think about geography not just as an academic discipline, but as a set of spatial technologies and imaginaries which can be deployed to emancipatory or oppressive ends.
CLR James giving a speech at a rally for Ethiopia in London
Before the session read 1) Esson et al, 2) Blunt and Wills and 3) Daigle and Ramírez.
Consider in particular the specificities of geographical perspectives on questions of coloniality and decoloniality, and the unique challenges to geography that are raised by these texts.
During the session we will ask questions such as:
1. Where have geographical ideas come from, and why might that matter?
2. How might contemporary geographical research either reproduce, or contest, colonial structures of power?
3. Who conducts research? On whose behalf? What are the power relations embedded in research practice?
4. What philosophical and political assumptions are embedded in thinking about research methodologies? For instance, a lot of methodology in geography is derived from western enlightenment assumptions about individualism, the separation of mind from body and scientific rationalism. This privileges positivist and social scientific approaches when it comes to carrying out research. How might radically distinct understandings of the world alter geographical methodologies?
5. How does thinking about geography from a de/post/anti-colonial position affect the kind of outputs we might produce?
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This forum is a space for students to post and discuss questions about the module's first assessment.
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As discussed in our last session, please find here two anonymised essays from previous years marked with distinction and the feedback they received. These two pieces show that there is not a single way or a prescribe form to address the essay. What is key is that you show a good understanding of the theory/theories you discuss in order to frame your research issue as a problem of geographical knowledge.
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This interactive session draws on the approaches and theories introduced so far on the module, and applies them to the real world issue of human trafficking in the context of football/soccer. In preparation for Week 8, we will also consider how a research idea can become a research project.
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In this session, we begin the process of moving from the concepts, constructs, and theories discussed in the previous weeks to developing a 'doable' programme of research for your dissertations. Although the decisions that you take will be driven by your individual areas of interest and by the theoretical and/or empirical contributions that you may wish to make, there are several questions that we all face at the beginning of a new research project. These questions might be characterised as follows:
- How would I define myself as a researcher? - A useful starting point is to reflect on your interests and motivations for researching a specific reserach topic. This will help you to identify where you start to look when developing your ideas.
- Can I identify a 'community of practice'? - Put differently, who are the groups of people that you wish to interact and communicate with, to share ideas with, who you think might value the research you propose to do?
- How might my 'community of practice' shape the research I undertake? - There is a close relationship between a 'community of practice' and the ways in which research gets done (i.e., theories employed, approach adopted, methods utilised, language or vocabulary used, and so on).
In addition to talking through my experiences as a researcher (from PhD research to large interdisciplinary grants), we will use this session to focus on your development. To support this, I would like you to consider the following questions and be prepared to discuss them in the session:
1. Has anything you have heard in the lectures or read in relation to them really sparked your interest?
2. Has a concept, construct, or theory you identified for question 1 changed the way that you think about the topic you are considering for your dissertation? If so, which one and how?
3. How would you define yourself as a researcher? For example, what are your theoretical interests, methodological preferences, and who would you identify as your 'community of practice'?
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- How would I define myself as a researcher? - A useful starting point is to reflect on your interests and motivations for researching a specific reserach topic. This will help you to identify where you start to look when developing your ideas.
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This lecture is based on a set of personal reflections on how and why politics matters to research and methods. In preparation please read at least one of the 2 readings uploaded to QMPlus. In addition, come prepared to discuss your own research, past or present
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Session outlineYou have encountered questions concerning the politics of research in earlier sessions, whether in terms of decolonizing (week 1, week 4), the personal politics adopted in the production of research (week 3), or wider debates around the politics that underpin the ontological and epistemological perspectives that we adopt. In this session, we will focus on other forms of the 'political' that operate in research as we turn attention to the interrelated questions of interdisciplinarity and the politics of research involving North-South/South-North partnerships. To provide empirical support to the focus for this session, I will draw on my experiences of engaging in multi-disciplinary research projects e.g., on urban mobilities in African cities and youth as development actors.General preparation for the sessionPlease read the followingAs you read, think about the following questions:
- Petts, J., Owens, S., & Bulkeley, H., 2008. Crossing boundaries: Interdisciplinarity in the context of urban environments. Geoforum, 39(2), 593-601.
1) What does the paper tell us about the nature of interdisciplinarity and research contexts that are deemed appropriate for interdisciplinary research? How is interdisciplinarity defined and why is such an approach argued to be useful for particular kinds of 'problems'?
2) What are the challenges of working on interdisciplinary research projects? What issues do the authors raise and how do these relate to questions of politics and power-relations? What forms of knowledge tend to get privileged over others?
Background reading
The following papers will form part of the discussion, so try to familiarise yourself with their aims and key arguments (you do not need to memorise them).
Esson, J., Amankwaa, E. F., & Mensah, P. (2021). Boys are tired! Youth, urban struggles, and retaliatory patriarchy. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 46(1), 193-207.
https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/tran.12411
Esson, J., Gough, K. V., Simon, D., Amankwaa, E. F., Ninot, O., & Yankson, P. W. (2016). Livelihoods in motion: Linking transport, mobility and income-generating activities. Journal of Transport Geography, 55, 182-188.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2016.06.020
Elliott, D., & Thomas, T. K. (2017). Lost in translation?: On collaboration between anthropology and epidemiology. Medicine Anthropology Theory, 4(2), 1-17. (An insightful conversation between an anthropologist and epidemiologist).
http://www.medanthrotheory.org/article/view/4730/6523
Further reading:
- Guidelines for Ethical and Equitable International partnerships in Migration Research (Johannesburg Principles)
Further reading on geography and interdisciplinarity:- Bracken, L.J. and Oughton, E.A., 2009. Interdisciplinarity within and beyond geography: introduction to special section. Area, 41(4), pp.371-373.
- Ferretti, F., 2021. History and philosophy of geography II: Rediscovering individuals, fostering interdisciplinarity and renegotiating the ‘margins’. Progress in Human Geography, 45(4), pp.890-901.
- Fitzgerald, D., Callard, F., 2015. Social science and neuroscience beyond interdisciplinarity: experimental entanglements. Theory, Culture & Society 32, 3-32.
- Lau, L. and Pasquini, M.W., 2004. Meeting grounds: perceiving and defining interdisciplinarity across the arts, social sciences and sciences. Interdisciplinary science reviews, 29(1), pp.49-64.
- Lau, L. and Pasquini, M., 2008. ‘Jack of all trades’? The negotiation of interdisciplinarity within geography. Geoforum, 39(2), pp.552-560.
- Schoenberger, E., 2001. Interdisciplinarity and social power. Progress in human geography, 25(3), pp.365-382.
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Geographies of Impact
Source: https://academicimpact.un.org/ Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/8392817.stm
In this session we will explore the recent reconfiguration of a recurrent and longstanding debate about the relevance of academic geography (and of academic scholarship more widely) around the question of impact. This concern with the value of academic work beyond the academy has recently been foregrounded in the UK in the periodic formal review of the quality of academic work. In this session we will consider recent debates within geography about impact and the relationship between academic research and wider society. We will focus on examples of 'impact stories' from research in Geography and development studies and will also consider the intersections between research impact and the wider impact of universities, focusing on Queen Mary's civic work in, with and for East London.
Preparation for the session:
Please read the following exchange (PDFs below):
- Pain, R., Kesby, M. and Askins, K. (2011) ‘Geographies of impact: power, participation and potential’ Area, 43:183–188
- Slater, T. (2012) ‘Impacted geographies: a response to Pain, Kesby and Askins’ Area, 44: 117-119.
- Pain, R., Kesby, M. and Askins, K. (2012) ‘The politics of social justice in neoliberal times: a reply to Slater’ Area, 44:120–123
and if you have time read the following piece:
Williams, G. (2012), ‘The disciplining effects of impact evaluation practices: negotiating the pressures of impact within an ESRC–DFID project’ Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 37: 489-495.
Please also read the introduction and at least one case study (all one page long) in the 2023 report published by the United Kingdom Collaborative on Development Research: Realising the impact of UK international development research: a collection of REF2021 impact stories
All impact case studies submitted to REF2021 are available here. Search by Unit of Assessment to find Geography and Environmental Studies (UoA 14). If you have time, please have a look through a selection, reading one more closely, to see the range of impact work in Geography.
You might also be interested in two guides published online by the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG): Communicating research beyond the academy and Working with voluntary and community groups.
Queen Mary's Civic University Agreement is available here.
As you read, think about the following questions:
1) What criticisms are raised about the emphasis on impact in government higher education policy? Why are many academics critical of the focus on the economic and social usefulness of research? What accounts of the value of academic knowledge are articulated in these criticisms?
2) What is the value and what are the tensions in efforts to rework the meaning of impact through the practice and perspectives of participatory geographies?
3) What can be the effects of research policy on impact developed in one context on the conduct and potential outcomes of research in another place? How can we think about the geography of impact policy? (this question particularly relates to the paper by Williams 2012)
Additional discussions of ‘impact’:
Phillips, Richard. (2010) ‘The impact agenda and geographies of curiosity’ Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 35: 447-452.
Whittle, R., Walker, M. and Medd, W. (2011) ‘Suitcases, storyboards and Newsround: exploring impact and dissemination in Hull’ Area, 43: 477-487.
Jazeel, T. (2010) ‘Impact: an introduction’, Social Text Periscope 27 August 2010 and other contributions to this online publication (http://www.socialtextjournal.org/periscope/2010/08/impact-knowledge-production-and-the-future-of-the-british-academy.php)
Machen, R. (2020) 'Critical research impact: On making space for alternatives', Area, 52(2): 329-341.
And this theme issue on impact in : ACME: An international E-journal for Critical Geographies, 13, 1, 2014.
Essential Reading:
Staeheli, L. and Mitchell, D. (2005) ‘The complex politics of relevance in geography’ Annals of the Association of American Geographers 95: 357-72.
Rogers, A. (2005) ‘A Policy-Relevant Geography for Society?’ in Castree, N., Rogers, A. and Sherman, D. eds. Questioning Geography: Fundamental Debates, Oxford: Blackwell, 277-293.
Machen, R. (2020) 'Critical research impact: On making space for alternatives', Area, 52(2): 329-341.
Further Reading:
See the introduction: Mitchell, K. (2008) ‘Introduction: Becoming Political, To the memory of Allan Pred’, Antipode, 40 (3): 345-350 and read some of the different contributions to the special issue of the journal Antipode, 40 (3) entitled ‘Practising Public Scholarship: Experiences and Possibilities beyond the Academy’.
Similarly see the introduction to and read some of the different contributions to:
Fuller, D. and Kitchin, R. (eds.) (2004) Radical Theory/Critical Praxis: Making a Difference Beyond the Academy?. ACME e-book Series
http://www.praxis-epress.org/availablebooks/radicaltheorycriticalpraxis.html
Castree, N. (2005) ‘Whose geography? Education as Politics’ in Castree, N., Rogers, A. and Sherman, D. eds. Questioning Geography: Fundamental Debates, Oxford: Blackwell, 294-307
Castree, N., Fuller, D., Kent, A., Kobayashi, A., Merrett, C. D., Pulido, L. and Barraclough L. (2008) ‘Geography, pedagogy and politics’ Progress in Human Geography, 32(5): 680-718
Fuller, D. (2008) ‘Public geographies: taking stock’ Progress in Human Geography, 32(1): 834-844.
Gregson, N., Watkins, H., Broughton, L., Mackenzie, J. and Shepherd, J. (2012) ‘Building bridges through performance and decision-making: schools, research and public engagement’ Antipode, 44:343-364
Johnston, R. J. and Sidaway, J. D. (2004) Geography and Geographers: Anglo-American Geography since 1945, London: Hodder Arnold, Chapter 9 ‘Applied Geography and the Relevance Debate’, 322-359
Kitchin, R. and Hubbard, P. (1999) ‘Research, action and ‘critical geographies’ ’ Area, 31: 195-198.
McGuirk, P. and O’Neill, P. (2012) ‘Critical geographies with the state: the problem of social vulnerability and the politics of engaged research’ Antipode, 44: 1374-1394
mrs kinpaisby (2008) ‘Taking stock of participatory geographies: envisioning the communiversity’ Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 33: 292-9
Murphy, A. B. (2006) ‘Enhancing Geography’s Role in Public Debate’ Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96 (1): 1-13.
Murphy, A. B.; H. J. de Blij, B. L. Turner, R. W Gilmore, and D. Gregory (2005) ‘Forum: The Role of Geography in Public Debate’ Progress in Human Geography 29 (2) : 165-193.
Ruddick, S. (2004) ‘Activist geographies’ in P. Cloke, P. Crang and M. Goodwin, eds. Envisioning Human Geographies, London: Arnold, 229-4.
Staeheli, L. and Mitchell, D. (2007) ‘Locating the public in research and practice’ Progress in Human Geography, 31: 792-811
Staeheli,,L. A. and Mitchell, D. (2005) ‘Relevant-Esoteric’ in Cloke, P., Crang, P. and Goodwin, M. eds. Introducing Human Geographies, London: Arnold, 123-134
Ward, K. (2005) ‘Geography and public policy: a recent history of policy-relevance’ Progress in Human Geography, 30: 495-503.
Ward, K. (2006) ‘Geography and public policy: towards public geographies’ Progress in Human Geography, 30: 495-503.
Ward, K. (2007) ‘Geography and public policy: activist, participatory, and policy geographies’, Progress in Human Geography, 31: 695 - 705.
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In this session we will review the work you have done during the previous two weeks and try to connect this back to the sessions we began the semester with. We will reflect on how the skills you have developed during the course of the semester can be used to make research development easier. We will also use this session to go through the feedback from the first written assignment submitted earlier.
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I am trying to secure copyright for some book chapters and papers that are mentioned in class. When I get these, I will paste up the links in this section and you can then click on them to download the paper/chapter etc
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Miles Ogborn (m.j.ogborn@qmul.ac.uk)
Archives are not just an issue for historical geography. Defining ‘the archive’ in its broadest terms means including all places where information is stored for later retrieval and use. This might be the national archives of nation-states, through the record-keeping of corporations or charities, right down to a box of letters and family photographs in the attic or even an email inbox. As a result, much research in the social sciences and the humanities – whether on the distant past, recent past or the present – is based on some sort of archival material. This means that we need to address the questions of what the implications of ‘the archive’ are for the research that we do.
This session will address a broad set of issues about the relationships between all forms of archives and the research questions that can be asked of them. It will deal with questions of power and memory in order to explain the inevitable limitations posed by the selection of information for storage and the nature of that storage. It will also consider the iterative nature of archival research, reflecting on the way that archives raise questions for researchers as much as they can provide answers to questions that we bring to them.
Through group discussion based on archival materials we will address the issues of how to formulate questions about archival material which relate their form, content and location in order to begin to offer explanations which use them as evidence. The session will also address practical questions of finding archival materials appropriate to particular areas of research, and of the access to and use of archives.
Preparation for the session
1. You should read the chapter by me (Miles Ogborn) identified as Essential Reading, and reflect on what the term 'archive' means and its implications of knowledge production.
2. You should think about the sorts (and locations) of archival materials relevant to your research (remember to interpret the idea of ‘the archive’ broadly), and how the collection, selection and storage of this information affects what you can do with it. For some support in that you can read the chapter by me identified as Optional Reading.
Learning outcomes
After this session you will be able to:
a) Understand the relationship between power and memory in the archive
b) Analyse the implications of the collection, storage and retrieval of information for research in the social sciences and humanities
c) Formulate questions about archival materials, which consider their form, content and location
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This is a section for students on accessing and using software for learning (e.g. QMPlus, Blackboard Collaborate, Microsoft Teams).